Valgavoth, Harrower of Souls (Commander) - Stax

Background image for Five Painfully Simple Ways to Play Weird Rakdos
Arnaud Gompertz
Oct 29, 2025
Five Painfully Simple Ways to Play Weird Rakdos
Arnaud continues his Branching Out series by looking at some off-kilter ideas for brewing fun decks in Rakdos (black and red).
Deck Filters
Cardsphere
Archidekt
Commander Spellbook
Moxfield
Scryfall
MTGStocks
Hexing Squelcher
50%inclusion4 decks8 decks
44%synergy
Mai, Scornful Striker
35%inclusion7 decks20 decks
31%synergy
Redirect Lightning
15%inclusion5 decks33 decks
7%synergy
Mornsong Aria
13%inclusion1 decks8 decks
12%synergy
Lasting Tarfire
13%inclusion1 decks8 decks
12%synergy
High Synergy Cards
Kederekt Parasite
91%inclusion69 decks76 decks
79%synergy
Razorkin Needlehead
88%inclusion67 decks76 decks
75%synergy
Roiling Vortex
83%inclusion63 decks76 decks
75%synergy
Mogis, God of Slaughter
80%inclusion61 decks76 decks
70%synergy
Rampaging Ferocidon
74%inclusion56 decks76 decks
66%synergy
Blood Seeker
68%inclusion52 decks76 decks
60%synergy
Fate Unraveler
67%inclusion51 decks76 decks
59%synergy
Gleeful Arsonist
70%inclusion51 decks73 decks
58%synergy
Underworld Dreams
66%inclusion50 decks76 decks
58%synergy
Sheoldred, the Apocalypse
64%inclusion49 decks76 decks
57%synergy
Top Cards
Blasphemous Act
70%inclusion53 decks76 decks
19%synergy
Lightning Greaves
68%inclusion52 decks76 decks
34%synergy
Rakdos Charm
64%inclusion49 decks76 decks
21%synergy
Chaos Warp
63%inclusion48 decks76 decks
15%synergy
Dark Ritual
63%inclusion48 decks76 decks
21%synergy
Solphim, Mayhem Dominus
57%inclusion43 decks76 decks
47%synergy
Scrawling Crawler
55%inclusion36 decks65 decks
46%synergy
Nightshade Harvester
55%inclusion42 decks76 decks
49%synergy
Painful Quandary
55%inclusion42 decks76 decks
49%synergy
Rug of Smothering
53%inclusion40 decks76 decks
48%synergy
Game Changers
Orcish Bowmasters
51%inclusion39 decks76 decks
41%synergy
Jeska's Will
47%inclusion36 decks76 decks
23%synergy
Demonic Tutor
38%inclusion29 decks76 decks
20%synergy
Vampiric Tutor
28%inclusion21 decks76 decks
13%synergy
Ancient Tomb
26%inclusion20 decks76 decks
17%synergy
Opposition Agent
22%inclusion17 decks76 decks
17%synergy
Chrome Mox
17%inclusion13 decks76 decks
11%synergy
The One Ring
14%inclusion11 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Necropotence
11%inclusion8 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Gamble
11%inclusion8 decks76 decks
0%synergy
Creatures
Kardur, Doomscourge
50%inclusion38 decks76 decks
33%synergy
The Lord of Pain
49%inclusion36 decks73 decks
39%synergy
Harsh Mentor
47%inclusion36 decks76 decks
40%synergy
Zo-Zu the Punisher
46%inclusion35 decks76 decks
43%synergy
Mayhem Devil
39%inclusion30 decks76 decks
15%synergy
Persistent Constrictor
38%inclusion28 decks73 decks
31%synergy
Blood Artist
38%inclusion29 decks76 decks
20%synergy
Ob Nixilis, Captive Kingpin
37%inclusion28 decks76 decks
32%synergy
Kaervek the Merciless
36%inclusion27 decks76 decks
25%synergy
Massacre Wurm
33%inclusion25 decks76 decks
25%synergy
Magebane Lizard
30%inclusion23 decks76 decks
26%synergy
Syr Konrad, the Grim
29%inclusion22 decks76 decks
20%synergy
Deadpool, Trading Card
29%inclusion14 decks49 decks
24%synergy
Brash Taunter
25%inclusion19 decks76 decks
15%synergy
Cemetery Gatekeeper
22%inclusion17 decks76 decks
21%synergy
Twinflame Tyrant
21%inclusion14 decks66 decks
16%synergy
Bloodthirsty Conqueror
21%inclusion14 decks66 decks
16%synergy
Stormfist Crusader
21%inclusion16 decks76 decks
10%synergy
Ojer Axonil, Deepest Might
21%inclusion16 decks76 decks
16%synergy
Gray Merchant of Asphodel
18%inclusion14 decks76 decks
8%synergy
Morbid Opportunist
17%inclusion13 decks76 decks
2%synergy
Vial Smasher the Fierce
16%inclusion12 decks76 decks
10%synergy
Eidolon of the Great Revel
16%inclusion12 decks76 decks
15%synergy
Screaming Nemesis
16%inclusion12 decks76 decks
13%synergy
Star Athlete
15%inclusion11 decks73 decks
11%synergy
Dauthi Voidwalker
14%inclusion11 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Solemn Simulacrum
13%inclusion10 decks76 decks
-8%synergy
Rakdos, Lord of Riots
13%inclusion10 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Simian Spirit Guide
13%inclusion10 decks76 decks
7%synergy
Massacre Girl
13%inclusion10 decks76 decks
9%synergy
Torbran, Thane of Red Fell
13%inclusion10 decks76 decks
8%synergy
Barbflare Gremlin
12%inclusion9 decks73 decks
10%synergy
Dualcaster Mage
12%inclusion9 decks76 decks
3%synergy
Avalanche of Sector 7
11%inclusion5 decks46 decks
10%synergy
Seizan, Perverter of Truth
11%inclusion8 decks76 decks
9%synergy
Florian, Voldaren Scion
11%inclusion8 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Karazikar, the Eye Tyrant
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
5%synergy
Magus of the Moon
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
8%synergy
Immolation Shaman
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
7%synergy
Fear of Burning Alive
8.2%inclusion6 decks73 decks
6%synergy
Unstoppable Slasher
8.1%inclusion6 decks74 decks
5%synergy
Professional Face-Breaker
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
-7%synergy
Falkenrath Noble
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Pain Distributor
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Sunspine Lynx
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Boggart Trawler
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
1%synergy
Scytheclaw Raptor
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Enduring Tenacity
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Hearthborn Battler
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Braids, Arisen Nightmare
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
-1%synergy
Instants
Bedevil
51%inclusion39 decks76 decks
16%synergy
Withering Torment
51%inclusion37 decks73 decks
28%synergy
Deadly Rollick
50%inclusion38 decks76 decks
29%synergy
Deflecting Swat
43%inclusion33 decks76 decks
23%synergy
Untimely Malfunction
40%inclusion29 decks73 decks
21%synergy
Terminate
39%inclusion30 decks76 decks
0%synergy
Infernal Grasp
37%inclusion28 decks76 decks
22%synergy
Malakir Rebirth
30%inclusion23 decks76 decks
15%synergy
Bolt Bend
29%inclusion22 decks76 decks
19%synergy
Tibalt's Trickery
24%inclusion18 decks76 decks
10%synergy
Fell the Profane
21%inclusion16 decks76 decks
9%synergy
Suspended Sentence
21%inclusion15 decks73 decks
16%synergy
Imp's Mischief
20%inclusion15 decks76 decks
11%synergy
Blood Pact
17%inclusion13 decks76 decks
13%synergy
Pyroblast
17%inclusion13 decks76 decks
8%synergy
Lightning Bolt
16%inclusion12 decks76 decks
-2%synergy
Red Elemental Blast
16%inclusion12 decks76 decks
7%synergy
Valakut Awakening
12%inclusion9 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Cabal Ritual
11%inclusion8 decks76 decks
2%synergy
Abrade
11%inclusion8 decks76 decks
-11%synergy
Fire Covenant
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
2%synergy
Go for the Throat
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
1%synergy
Dismember
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
5%synergy
Kolaghan's Command
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
2%synergy
Saw in Half
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
-3%synergy
Sheoldred's Edict
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Snuff Out
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
2%synergy
Not Dead After All
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
-3%synergy
Hellish Rebuke
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
5%synergy
Price of Progress
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Flare of Duplication
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
2%synergy
Kazuul's Fury
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
3%synergy
Thrill of Possibility
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
-13%synergy
Return the Favor
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
-1%synergy
Wild Magic Surge
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
2%synergy
Doom Blade
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
3%synergy
Seething Song
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
-6%synergy
Pyretic Ritual
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
0%synergy
Feign Death
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
-1%synergy
Sorceries
Feed the Swarm
51%inclusion39 decks76 decks
9%synergy
Toxic Deluge
45%inclusion34 decks76 decks
26%synergy
Sign in Blood
33%inclusion25 decks76 decks
10%synergy
Vandalblast
30%inclusion23 decks76 decks
-1%synergy
Chandra's Ignition
25%inclusion19 decks76 decks
19%synergy
Damnation
21%inclusion16 decks76 decks
14%synergy
Sadistic Shell Game
19%inclusion14 decks73 decks
14%synergy
Blasphemous Edict
18%inclusion12 decks65 decks
9%synergy
Reanimate
18%inclusion14 decks76 decks
-4%synergy
Grab the Prize
16%inclusion12 decks73 decks
6%synergy
Night's Whisper
16%inclusion12 decks76 decks
-4%synergy
Faithless Looting
14%inclusion11 decks76 decks
-14%synergy
Decree of Pain
13%inclusion10 decks76 decks
8%synergy
Disrupt Decorum
13%inclusion10 decks76 decks
5%synergy
Wheel of Fortune
13%inclusion10 decks76 decks
7%synergy
Soul Immolation
13%inclusion1 decks8 decks
12%synergy
Grim Tutor
12%inclusion9 decks76 decks
7%synergy
Torment of Hailfire
11%inclusion8 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Imperial Seal
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Exsanguinate
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
-1%synergy
Peer into the Abyss
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Shatterskull Smashing
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Light Up the Stage
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
-1%synergy
Sundering Eruption
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
3%synergy
Mandate of Abaddon
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Ruination
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Rite of Flame
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
2%synergy
Beseech the Mirror
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
3%synergy
Waltz of Rage
5.5%inclusion4 decks73 decks
5%synergy
Diabolic Intent
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
-3%synergy
Wheel of Misfortune
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
-1%synergy
Mana Geyser
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
-7%synergy
Dreadbore
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
0%synergy
Winds of Change
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Utility Artifacts
Basilisk Collar
51%inclusion39 decks76 decks
41%synergy
Ankh of Mishra
38%inclusion29 decks76 decks
35%synergy
Swiftfoot Boots
38%inclusion29 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Crawlspace
28%inclusion21 decks76 decks
25%synergy
Shadowspear
24%inclusion18 decks76 decks
20%synergy
Mithril Coat
18%inclusion14 decks76 decks
14%synergy
Mindcrank
17%inclusion13 decks76 decks
15%synergy
Barbed Wire
16%inclusion12 decks76 decks
14%synergy
Ruby Medallion
14%inclusion11 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Copper Tablet
14%inclusion11 decks76 decks
14%synergy
Jet Medallion
14%inclusion11 decks76 decks
7%synergy
Wayfarer's Bauble
13%inclusion10 decks76 decks
-1%synergy
Cursed Totem
12%inclusion9 decks76 decks
11%synergy
Mask of Griselbrand
11%inclusion8 decks76 decks
7%synergy
Trinisphere
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
9%synergy
Grafdigger's Cage
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
9%synergy
Mana Web
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
9%synergy
Static Orb
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
8%synergy
Ensnaring Bridge
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
7%synergy
Sphere of Resistance
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Winter Orb
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Wishclaw Talisman
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
0%synergy
Torpor Orb
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Winter Moon
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Champion's Helm
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
5%synergy
Tangle Wire
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Damping Sphere
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Vexing Bauble
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Whip of Erebos
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
-1%synergy
Howling Mine
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Requiem Monolith
5.3%inclusion2 decks38 decks
4%synergy
Enchantments
Manabarbs
50%inclusion38 decks76 decks
44%synergy
Spiteful Visions
49%inclusion37 decks76 decks
40%synergy
Sulfuric Vortex
47%inclusion36 decks76 decks
43%synergy
Bloodchief Ascension
47%inclusion36 decks76 decks
42%synergy
Spellshock
36%inclusion27 decks76 decks
33%synergy
Spiked Corridor // Torture Pit
32%inclusion23 decks73 decks
25%synergy
Polluted Bonds
30%inclusion23 decks76 decks
27%synergy
Smoke
21%inclusion16 decks76 decks
20%synergy
No Mercy
21%inclusion16 decks76 decks
18%synergy
Revenge of Ravens
21%inclusion16 decks76 decks
19%synergy
Descent into Avernus
20%inclusion15 decks76 decks
10%synergy
Price of Glory
20%inclusion15 decks76 decks
19%synergy
Blood Moon
20%inclusion15 decks76 decks
18%synergy
Exquisite Blood
18%inclusion14 decks76 decks
11%synergy
Wound Reflection
18%inclusion14 decks76 decks
13%synergy
Citadel of Pain
17%inclusion13 decks76 decks
16%synergy
Pyrohemia
17%inclusion13 decks76 decks
15%synergy
Pestilence
17%inclusion13 decks76 decks
15%synergy
Pyrostatic Pillar
14%inclusion11 decks76 decks
14%synergy
Forsaken Wastes
14%inclusion11 decks76 decks
13%synergy
Fiery Emancipation
13%inclusion10 decks76 decks
7%synergy
Phyrexian Arena
12%inclusion9 decks76 decks
-12%synergy
Unholy Annex // Ritual Chamber
11%inclusion8 decks73 decks
8%synergy
Maddening Hex
11%inclusion8 decks76 decks
9%synergy
Black Market Connections
11%inclusion8 decks76 decks
-7%synergy
Hissing Miasma
11%inclusion8 decks76 decks
10%synergy
Enchanter's Bane
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
7%synergy
Burning Earth
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
8%synergy
All Will Be One
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Grievous Wound
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
6%synergy
The Meathook Massacre
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Kaya's Ghostform
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
3%synergy
Theater of Horrors
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
0%synergy
Stranglehold
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
7%synergy
The Rollercrusher Ride
6.8%inclusion5 decks73 decks
5%synergy
War's Toll
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Meathook Massacre II
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
3%synergy
Koskun Falls
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
5%synergy
Havoc Festival
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
2%synergy
Animate Dead
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
-5%synergy
Bastion of Remembrance
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
-1%synergy
Everlasting Torment
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Planeswalkers
Chandra, Awakened Inferno
39%inclusion30 decks76 decks
35%synergy
Ob Nixilis, the Hate-Twisted
16%inclusion12 decks76 decks
14%synergy
Utility Lands
Witch's Clinic
61%inclusion46 decks76 decks
53%synergy
Leechridden Swamp
50%inclusion38 decks76 decks
41%synergy
Shivan Gorge
42%inclusion32 decks76 decks
33%synergy
Reliquary Tower
39%inclusion30 decks76 decks
21%synergy
Bojuka Bog
30%inclusion23 decks76 decks
-5%synergy
Urborg, Tomb of Yawgmoth
30%inclusion23 decks76 decks
11%synergy
Spinerock Knoll
25%inclusion19 decks76 decks
16%synergy
Temple of the False God
18%inclusion14 decks76 decks
8%synergy
Cabal Coffers
16%inclusion12 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Rogue's Passage
14%inclusion11 decks76 decks
-5%synergy
Takenuma, Abandoned Mire
12%inclusion9 decks76 decks
3%synergy
Urza's Saga
11%inclusion8 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Shizo, Death's Storehouse
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
2%synergy
Maze of Ith
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Arena of Glory
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
-1%synergy
Lindblum, Industrial Regency
6.7%inclusion3 decks45 decks
-4%synergy
Phyrexian Tower
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
-4%synergy
Command Beacon
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
0%synergy
Volrath's Stronghold
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Castle Locthwain
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
-1%synergy
Mana Artifacts
Arcane Signet
96%inclusion73 decks76 decks
13%synergy
Sol Ring
96%inclusion73 decks76 decks
10%synergy
Talisman of Indulgence
83%inclusion63 decks76 decks
27%synergy
Rakdos Signet
74%inclusion56 decks76 decks
14%synergy
Fellwar Stone
61%inclusion46 decks76 decks
26%synergy
Thought Vessel
61%inclusion46 decks76 decks
42%synergy
Mind Stone
47%inclusion36 decks76 decks
18%synergy
Lotus Petal
13%inclusion10 decks76 decks
5%synergy
Cursed Mirror
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
-2%synergy
Decanter of Endless Water
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
7%synergy
Séance Board
8.2%inclusion6 decks73 decks
5%synergy
Mana Vault
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
2%synergy
Commander's Sphere
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
-11%synergy
Mox Amber
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
2%synergy
Mox Opal
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
2%synergy
Mox Diamond
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
3%synergy
The Soul Stone
5.6%inclusion2 decks36 decks
1%synergy
Liquimetal Torque
5.3%inclusion4 decks76 decks
0%synergy
Lands
Swamp
99%inclusion75 decks76 decks
1%synergy
Mountain
99%inclusion75 decks76 decks
1%synergy
Command Tower
96%inclusion73 decks76 decks
10%synergy
Dragonskull Summit
76%inclusion58 decks76 decks
14%synergy
Blood Crypt
70%inclusion53 decks76 decks
25%synergy
Graven Cairns
67%inclusion51 decks76 decks
37%synergy
Smoldering Marsh
66%inclusion50 decks76 decks
2%synergy
Sulfurous Springs
66%inclusion50 decks76 decks
19%synergy
Bloodstained Mire
59%inclusion45 decks76 decks
26%synergy
Luxury Suite
53%inclusion40 decks76 decks
14%synergy
Tainted Peak
53%inclusion40 decks76 decks
11%synergy
Blazemire Verge
49%inclusion37 decks76 decks
18%synergy
Shadowblood Ridge
47%inclusion36 decks76 decks
12%synergy
Exotic Orchard
45%inclusion34 decks76 decks
13%synergy
Blackcleave Cliffs
42%inclusion32 decks76 decks
22%synergy
Foreboding Ruins
41%inclusion31 decks76 decks
-5%synergy
Mount Doom
41%inclusion31 decks76 decks
24%synergy
Temple of Malice
32%inclusion24 decks76 decks
-2%synergy
Haunted Ridge
32%inclusion24 decks76 decks
-4%synergy
Canyon Slough
30%inclusion23 decks76 decks
11%synergy
Malakir Rebirth
30%inclusion23 decks76 decks
15%synergy
Blightstep Pathway
26%inclusion20 decks76 decks
3%synergy
Raucous Theater
24%inclusion18 decks76 decks
2%synergy
Terramorphic Expanse
24%inclusion18 decks76 decks
8%synergy
Marsh Flats
22%inclusion17 decks76 decks
14%synergy
Fell the Profane
21%inclusion16 decks76 decks
9%synergy
Fabled Passage
21%inclusion16 decks76 decks
13%synergy
Evolving Wilds
21%inclusion16 decks76 decks
0%synergy
Arid Mesa
20%inclusion15 decks76 decks
11%synergy
Wooded Foothills
18%inclusion14 decks76 decks
11%synergy
Polluted Delta
18%inclusion14 decks76 decks
10%synergy
Badlands
17%inclusion13 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Rakdos Carnarium
16%inclusion12 decks76 decks
-17%synergy
Verdant Catacombs
14%inclusion11 decks76 decks
7%synergy
Scalding Tarn
14%inclusion11 decks76 decks
7%synergy
Ash Barrens
13%inclusion10 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Mana Confluence
13%inclusion10 decks76 decks
7%synergy
Prismatic Vista
12%inclusion9 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Bloodfell Caves
12%inclusion9 decks76 decks
-7%synergy
Valakut Awakening
12%inclusion9 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Gemstone Caverns
11%inclusion8 decks76 decks
6%synergy
Geothermal Bog
11%inclusion8 decks76 decks
1%synergy
City of Brass
9.2%inclusion7 decks76 decks
3%synergy
Boggart Trawler
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
1%synergy
Shatterskull Smashing
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
4%synergy
Cavern of Souls
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
3%synergy
Sundering Eruption
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
3%synergy
Pinnacle Monk
7.9%inclusion6 decks76 decks
1%synergy
Plaza of Heroes
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
5%synergy
Snow-Covered Mountain
6.6%inclusion5 decks76 decks
3%synergy